In: Science
...Air Pollution The environmental issue we are facing in today’s society is atmospheric pollution. Air pollution is an emission of chemical derived from human activities, organic materials, and particulate matters. Automobile is the greatest contributor to our air pollution. Various living organisms, such as animals, humans, and plants are at risk. Plant life is critical to keep our air uncontaminated. Human daily activity is the prime impact of both negative and positive effect to air quality. United States is suffering from major air pollution because of the mixture of immense population use of automobiles and manufacturing industries. Motorized vehicle emits substantial amount of carbon monoxide and nitrogen in to the air every day. Manufacturing industries, such as power plants and other facilities, release ten times more of particulate matters and sulfur oxide than motorized vehicles. In contrast, the positive effects humans have to offer are taking a few initiatives to redeem their mistakes by inventing non conventional fuels such as biodiesel, batteries and fuel cells, and other biomass resource. This proposal is to establish a mitigation plan to discuss the benefits and challenges of air pollutions. Furthermore, this devise strategy will encompass government and societal support to enhance the air quality we breathe. “The atmosphere is a complex, dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone......
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... AIR POLLUTION Name Name of institution Describing the extent of PM2.5 in Indiana is problematic since the PM2.5 monitors are located in cities which make it rather problematic to know the concentration of PM2.5 in rural areas. Children are at grander risk from exposure to air pollution than grown-ups because their bodies are still growing. In relation to PM2.5 and air pollution in Indiana, children have elevated the level of absenteeism in school, asthma exacerbation and new on set asthma (Kunzli et al, 2003). My area of residence is Illinois, Chicago. The ambient airborne particulate matter concentration for Chicago is PM2.5 36 µg/m3. The Air Quality Index as of July 12, 2013 for Chicago was 58 and 42 on the thirteenth with the critical pollutant being the Ozone. The ambient air particulate Matter for Beijing china for PM10 is approximately 55µg m-3 and for PM2.5 is 152 µg m-3. The particulate matter between Chicago and Beijing has a huge significant difference. The PM2.5 of the city of Beijing is extremely higher than that of Chicago. The U.S. National ambient air quality standard for PM2.5 is 12.0µg m-3. The particulate matter level for the two cities is very high above the ambient air quality standard for US. The current air quality index of Beijing is at 152 while in Chicago is currently at 42. The air quality index of Beijing is very unhealthy in comparison to the standard air quality index figures. Also in comparison to Chicago, Beijing’s air quality index is on the...
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...Statement and Outline What is your thesis statement? People around the world don’t realize how bad the air pollution on Earth is affecting our health and causing Global warming. I. Introduction Air pollution is killing our planet Earth. It is caused by the burning of fossil fuels, like power plants, gasoline powered engines and other manmade machinery which causes carbon dioxide. There are other effecting greenhouse gases like sulfur dioxide and methane gases. Air on Earth is one of the most important elements in our planet. Air has oxygen which makes most living things in our planet breath and without air/oxygen we wouldn’t be alive to this day. II. What causes Air pollution? A. Carbon dioxide 1. Gasoline burning engines 2. Power Plants B. Sulfur dioxide 1. Manmade machines 2. Natural causes III. What are the effects of Air pollution? A. Global warming 1. Changes in weather 2. Polar ice caps melting B. Health 1. Cancer 2. Low oxygen levels IV. Air pollution prevention. A. Gasoline powered engines 1. Use electric powered machines 2. Walk our bus to destination B. Power plants 1. Use low sulfur fuels 2. Use more wind turbines for electric VI. Conclusion Air pollution is shorting the life span on planet Earth. Every organism on Earth needs air and we are destroying it with the daily needs we are utilizing. We need to wake up and......
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...References * Ritz, Beate & Wilhelm, Michelle. 2008. UCLA. Air Pollution Impacts on Infants and Children. Retrieved September 27, 2013 from http://www.environment.ucla.edu/reportcard/article.asp?parentid=1700 * N.A. n.d. EPA. Ways to Reduce Air Pollution. Retrieved September 27, 2013 from http://www.epa.gov/airquality/peg_caa/reduce.html * Davis, Del Bene Davis. ANA. Home Environmental Health Risks. Retrieved September 27, 2013 from http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Volume122007/No2May07/HomeEnvironmentalHealthRisks.html Air Pollution Impacts On Infants And Children * Exposure to air pollution can cause respiratory problems especially infants because they don’t have fully developed lungs. * Air pollution can trigger asthma attacks in children especially since children spend most of their time outdoors * Moms who smoke causes pollution in the house which can affect infants and children's lungs. Resources * Children's Safety Network * Children's Health and Safety Association Natural Resources * Natural Defense Council Web Based Resources * www.connectsafely.org Air Pollution Definition: Pollution of the atmosphere. Examples & Interventions Neurological Effects: * Fatigue * Headache * Confusion * Dizziness * Loss of consciousness * Coma * Death Neuropsychiatric Effects: * Impaired judgment * Poor......
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...Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulates, biological materials, or other harmful materials into Earth's atmosphere, possibly causing disease, death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as food crops, or to the natural or built environment. The atmosphere is a complex natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth's ecosystems. Indoor air pollution (see Airlog) and urban air quality are listed as two of the world’s worst toxic pollution problems in the 2008 Blacksmith Institute World's Worst Polluted Places report.[1] ------------------------------------------------- Pollutants[edit] An air pollutant is a substance in the air that can have adverse effects on humans and the ecosystem. They can be solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. A pollutant can be of natural origin, or man-made. Pollutants are classified as primary or secondary. Primary pollutants are usually produced from a process, such as ash from a volcanic eruption. Other examples include the carbon monoxide gas from motor vehicle exhaust or the sulfur dioxidereleased from factories. Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly. Rather, they form in the air when primary pollutants react or interact. Ground level ozone is a prominent example of a secondary pollutant. Some pollutants may be both primary and secondary: they......
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...Air Pollution CaTina Massey Environmental Science November 12, 2011 Instructor: Professor Mahoney AIR POLLUTION Air pollution is the biggest problem we as Americans face today. The problem arose during the industrial revolution and has just gotten worse since then. However, the industrial revolution brought many great changes to the world; better transportation, cheaper merchandise, and has made our life better. In the beginning of the industrial revolution, the problem of pollution was not something that people paid attention too. As the science involved, people began to realize the problem with pollution. Many different sources cause air pollution. Automobiles that are burning gasoline produce very harmful gases and incineration of products. Factories produce millions of particles that are carried off into the air. Gaseous by-products produced by chemical plants release these toxic gases when their concentration is at a high enough level. As the world has become more industrialized, the increased amount of air pollution and new health hazards have developed. Air pollution can arise from different sources that we cannot control. For example, forest fires, dust storms, and volcanoes. One of the sources of air pollution is acid rain. Raindrops that are combined with polluted air create acid rain. Acid rain mainly causes the erosion of buildings, destruction of crops, and many other assets. Global warming is also caused by acid rain. Many......
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...fifteen years has turned it into the world’s major manufacturing base, making it one of the world’s four largest economies.1 During this period, China’s average annual real Gross Domestic Product (‘GDP’) grew by 9.7 per cent peaking at 11.9 per cent up to the second quarter in 2007, the highest growth rate over that period of time.2 At the same time the negative environmental externalities of economic growth have escalated and are causing concern not only within China itself but also globally. China has suffered severe ecological destruction and serious environmental problems which threaten both its economy and the health of its people. Apart from air and water pollution, unprecedented growth in household and industrial waste, loss of biodiversity, felling of rain rainforests and overfishing has occurred. On a global level, China’s air pollution levels have contributed substantially to the negative effects of climate change. China’s rapid growth has been accelerated through its membership of the World Trade Organization (‘WTO’)3 and policies of trade liberalisation. Foreign investment has escalated due to preferential tax treatment and the relaxation of bureaucratic obstacles which in the past had slowed down the process of getting projects up and running. Special Economic Zones (‘SEZs’) set up in coastal provinces in order to encourage foreign investment because of easy access to port facilities have proven to be highly attractive to foreign investors. SEZs offer special......
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...Joann Lee Geology Research Paper December 1, 2014 Air Pollution Air pollution can be described as any contaminate or harmful substance to the atmosphere that disturbs the natural composition and chemistry of the air, causing damage to the environment, human health and the quality of life. The air that we breathe is filled with substances and pollutants that are hazardous to our health and these pollutants in the air can take many forms such as gases, solid particles or liquid droplets. Pollution enters the Earth’s atmosphere in many different ways. Air pollution can be created naturally, for example smoke from wildfires or ash from volcanoes, but most air pollution is created by humans, especially from the release of emissions from factories, cars, planes and etc. Air pollution that occurs naturally is considered as a natural source and air pollution caused by humans are called anthropogenic or man-made sources. Air pollution is the most common in large cities due the high volume of people and some of the most polluted cities in the world are Beijing, New Delhi, Los Angeles and Cairo. Although air pollution is usually thought of as smoke from large factories or exhaust from vehicles, air pollution can come from indoors also. Burning kerosene, wood, or coal to heat a house can contaminate the air inside the house, resulting in air pollution indoors. The ash and smoke from the burning of the substances can make breathing difficult and can also stick to the walls, food or......
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...affected by air pollution. People exploit billions of tons of coal, petroleum, gas and expel into the environment a large amount of toxic waste annually. Nobody all over the world wants to breathe in such dirty atmosphere. However, it is very difficult to find a place which is not polluted. This essay will argue that governments around the world need to spend more money on ways to purify the air in order to reduce air pollution’s negative effects on the human life and biodiversity. One of the main reasons why it can be argued that governments around the world need to spend more money keeping the air clean is that air pollution has a serious impact on the human life. Air pollution influences people’s health and even can kill many living organisms including humans. For example, in recent years, people release into the atmosphere toxic gas such as CO2, NOX, CH4 and CFC causing the greenhouse effect. If people do not take effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission, global temperature will raise from 1.8 to 6.4 °C in 2100. Besides, according to WHO, the global warming will be likely to cause more than 150,000 deaths and 5 million people are infected with various diseases. The above figures could increase twice in 2030. For this reason, protecting the air is an urgent issue that needs doing right now. Another reason why governments around the world need to concentrate on protecting the air is that air pollution has negatively affected biodiversity. Air pollution can......
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...Institute of Technology (MIT) Researchers at MIT’s Laboratory for Aviation and the Environment. Retrieval from: http://www.voanews.com/content/air-pollution-linked-to-early-death/1739804.html 3/ Chris Woodford has been a professional science and technology writer for 25 years. After graduating from Cambridge University with a degree in natural sciences, he has gone on to write, co-write and edit a number of science education books, including the best-selling Cool Stuff series. He runs www.explainthatstuff.com, dedicated to explaining the science behind familiar, everyday things. Writes: Popular Science Author of : Atoms Under the Floorboards Retrieval from: http://www.bloomsbury.com/author/chris-woodford#sthash.UOiONgtL.dpuf 3/ Jerry Coffey is the Doctor of Philosophy is an academic degree earned in four to seven years. Many psychologists, therapists, counselors, and coaches hold a doctorate of philosophy. A PhD in psychology emphasizes theory as well as statistics and data gathering. Psychologists with a PhD are also fully trained in the assessment and treatment of all behavioral conditions. (American Psychological Association) American Psychological Assoc./Member Retrieval from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollution Retrieval from: http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/globalwarming/pollution-overview.html 5/ © 1996-2015 National Geographic Society. All rights reserved Retrieval from:......
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...Air Pollution “I’m going out for a breath of fresh air” seems to be a phrase we often hear throughout out lives. Unfortunately, in today’s world, that “fresh air” isn’t exactly fresh. As a result of increasing traffic, city size, economic development, and industrialization, we have more air pollution problems than ever before. A formal definition of air pollution is as follows: The presence in the atmosphere of one or more contaminants in such quality and for such duration as is injurious, or tends to be injurious, to human health or welfare, animal or plant life. Air pollution can cause health problems and can also damage the natural world. So, who are the main contributors to air pollution? In cities, where air pollution is the worst, transportation is one of the major causes. The combustion of gasoline in automobiles, trucks, and airplanes produces a number of major pollutants into the air. Some of these contaminants include carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, gaseous hydrocarbons, and lead. When exposed to sunlight, many of these chemicals combine to form additional pollutants that are very harmful. One of these contaminants, nitrogen dioxide, creates smog in the air. In addition to transportation, the burning of fossil fuels also play a role in the high amounts of air pollution in cities. Fossil fuels are burned in generating stations, factories, office buildings, and homes. This particular combustion produces large amounts of ash, soot, and other particulates......
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... Beijing Air Pollution Beijing has suffered from serious air pollution for many years. The Chinese Capital has issued its first pollution red alert as the capital became notoriously polluted and enveloped by a wave of acrid smog for the second time in December 2015. Much of the blame for Beijing’s air pollution will be its burgeoning automobile industry producing 24 million vehicles every year (Jack, 2016). Although this served as a capital booming development, the increase in vehicle population has also led to practical problems like traffic congestions. It causes a decrease in average car speed, which in tend increase the total emission from the vehicle exhaust (Tao Yang, 2009). PM2.5, which was said to be the smallest and deadliest smog particles emitted from vehicles’ exhaust, can rise to as high as 500 micrograms per cubic meter in some parts of Beijing. This is 20 times the level that is considered safe by the World Health Organisation. The rising use of automobiles has become an issue of environmental sustainability as the pollutants given off by the vehicles’ exhaust affects the cleanliness of the air in Beijing. This in turns cause the quality of the environment that the people are living in to deteriorate. It has put public health at risk everyday because of the presence of PM 2.5 particles in the air (Katrina, 2016). When inhaled, it can contribute to a myriad health issues like respiratory and cardiovascular problems, and even increase the risk of cancer......
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...Sources of pollution and mitigation measures Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the environment that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or that damage the environment. Pollution takes place because; we process, consume and throw away a high volume of material resources at a very high rate. Then the nature’s way of reabsorbing these resources back into its structure and effectively neutralizing them is much slower than our rates of production or consumption. Hence over production; also inefficient and dirty methods of production and consumptions; careless and thoughtless disposal of post consumption waste resources are the major causes of man-cause pollution. There are fundamental drivers of the pollution; these are the major forces behind the surge in levels of air, water and land pollution throughout the globe. These are Industrialization it set in the motion the widespread use of fossil fuels (oil, gas and coal) which are now the mail sources of pollution. Population growth with the exploding increase in the population around the world, the demand for goods and services goes up. This demand is met by expanded production and use of natural resources, which in turn lead to higher levels of pollution. Globalization. It has become an effective facilitator of environmental degradation. Developing countries tend to have loose regulations on pollution levels thus global bigger manufacturers tend to move to these areas rather......
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...Air pollution There are many different types of air pollution that effect’s us on an everyday basis. I never realized how many different kinds of air pollution until I have read this chapter. Humans are the main cause of air pollution. The sad part is we continue to pollute. We poison the air every day by throwing out enormous piles of garbage, burning tons of fossil fuels, and driving. Primary pollutants are suspended particle matter, radon, lead, air toxics, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. The secondary pollutants are ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrates (Environmental Science 11e). These are mixed in with multiple air pollutions. Air pollution is caused by a brown cloud that hangs over the valleys, especially on hot days. That is caused by the ozone. The ozone is a colorless gas that is in the air. When the ozone gets closer to the earth’s surface it is called ground zero. At that point it is very harmful. It is very harmful to the plants, animals and is very highly reactive in the lungs and can cause respiratory disease too. The ozone can cause choking, coughing and stinging eyes. Ground zero chemicals are created by automobiles, trucks, and buses; large industry; utility companies; gas stations; print shops; paint stores; cleaners; and off-road equipment, such as aircraft, locomotives, construction equipment, and lawn and garden equipment (Environmental Science 11e). Also to reduce the risk of this is to......
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...3. Results and Discussion According to the questionnaire analysis, the 16 respondents of 20, amount to 80% of total, have driven car 3.1 Air Pollutants in Melbourne Figure 1 presents air pollutants in Melbourne by the pie chart and horizontal bar chart above.Firstly, the pie chart about Frequency of driving & Transport choice shows that, 30% of the respondents drive car equal to or great than 5 days per week. There is also the same percentage of respondents drive car between 3 to 5 days. Another 20% respondents still drive car between 1 to 3 days per week. And 10% of the rest of respondents who do not drive chose the bus as transport. Both train and tram are preferred by 5% of those interviewed. Secondly, the horizontal bar chart provides the percentage about warm facilities choice of respondents. It can be seen that, 55% of the respondents would like to choose gas heater. There are 25% of the respondents to choose electric heater as well. Both wood heater and air condition are chosen by 10% of the rest respondents. According to research, there are nearly 60% of the respondents who drive car at least 3days per week. And the percentage of the respondents who drive car has reached to 80%. Living in so rapid pace of modern society, car has become anindispensible part of Melbournian’s lives, not only for work and study, even daily life. As one of the most pervasive pollutants, car should not be ignored which is closely linked to Melbournian’s lives. Moreover,......
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